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The cirBATT blog

Practical guides, technical analyses and everything you need to know about lithium batteries, their reuse and energy storage.

Shipping lithium cells: UN 38.3 and ADR

It is the number one objection from professional cell buyers: “can this even be shipped?” Yes — but not as an ordinary parcel. A lithium cell is legally class 9…

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Energy storage for business: 4 concrete uses

Stationary storage is not just for a house with solar panels. At business scale it answers very different problems — often more profitable ones, because the sav…

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18650 or 21700: which cell format to choose?

The two cylindrical formats dominate lithium pack assembly, and the choice between them is rarely explained beyond “21700 is newer”. True, and not enough. The f…

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Grades A, B and C: what does a cell's SOH mean?

A second-life cell is sold with a grade: A, B or C. Behind that letter sits a measurement, not a commercial judgement — and knowing what it covers avoids two co…

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Recycling or reuse for a lithium battery?

“Recycling” has become the catch-all word for anything done with a battery nobody wants. Yet two radically different routes hide behind that term — and confusin…

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Which inverter for a second-life battery?

A battery pack is useless while its energy stays as direct current. The inverter is the part that makes it usable: it turns the pack's DC into 230 V AC. It is a…

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Why cirBATT is legally a battery manufacturer

A second-life battery — is it waste? a used good? a new product? For years, this unanswered question held back an entire industry. European law finally settled …

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Where do lithium battery accidents come from?

When a lithium battery catches fire, the question that matters is rarely asked: where, exactly, did the problem start? In the cell? In the management electronic…

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CID and PTC: how a lithium cell protects itself

When we talk about lithium battery safety, we think first of the BMS — the electronics that monitor voltage, current and temperature. But what happens if the BM…

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Why a second-life battery can be safer than a new one

The intuition runs deep: a new battery must be safe, a used one must be a hazard. Yet recent scientific work on lithium cell safety tells a more nuanced — and s…

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My e-scooter battery is dead — what now?

You get on your scooter, hit the throttle… and the range that used to be 20 km is now barely 5. Or worse: the battery won't charge at all. This is the scenario …

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LFP or NMC battery: which one lasts longer?

LFP, NMC, NCA, LCO… the world of lithium batteries is full of technical acronyms. But two chemistries dominate the market for electric mobility and stationary s…

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Storing solar power with a second-life battery

You have installed solar panels and you watch with frustration as your meter feeds back to the grid the energy produced at noon that you will consume in the eve…

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What does a BMS do in a second-life battery?

When talking about lithium batteries — new or second-life — the BMS is often mentioned but rarely explained. Yet it is the element that makes the difference bet…

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How much is my used lithium battery worth?

Before throwing away a lithium battery or taking it to a recycling centre, many owners wonder if it still has value. The answer is often yes — but the amount de…

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End-of-life e-bike battery: all your options

In France, more than 800,000 e-bikes are sold every year. With an average battery lifespan of 3 to 5 years, hundreds of thousands of batteries reach end-of-life…

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What size battery for your solar panels?

One of the most common questions from solar panel owners considering storage is simple: how many kWh of battery do I need? The answer depends on your consumptio…

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Refurbished and second-hand solar batteries: buyer's guide

A solar energy bank is simply a storage battery connected to your photovoltaic panels to keep the electricity produced during the day and consume it in the even…

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Lithium battery range: how to calculate it

Your battery shows 100% charge but only lasts half the usual journey. Or your e-bike app estimates 60 km of range but you run flat at 35 km. These discrepancies…

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